1、卡方检验

x2=∑ni=1(Ai−n∗pi)2n∗pi<script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-609">x^{2} = \sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{(A_{i} - n*p_{i})^{2}}{n*p_{i}}</script>
Ai<script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-610">A_{i}</script>：代表某个类别的观察频数
npi<script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-611">np_{i}</script>：是基于 H0<script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-612">H_{0}</script> 计算的期望频数
H0<script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-613">H_{0}</script>：观察频数与期望频数没有差别