1、数据下载链接：https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/

2、搜索框输入关键词CALIPSO VFM（或其它）

3、选择时间、空间范围

4、点击下载后得到一个包含全部文件的下载路径，重命名为2023.url（或其它）

5、批量下载代码如下，注意：下载速度比较慢

import os
import requests
from http.cookiejar import MozillaCookieJar
from time import sleep
#自己注册的认证信息
USERNAME = "        "  #这里输入账号
PASSWORD = "        "  #这里输入密码
# 存储路径需要修改
URL_FILE_PATH = "./2023.url"
SAVE_DIR = "./saved"
CHUNK_SIZE = 1024 * 1024
session = requests.Session()
session.auth = (USERNAME, PASSWORD)
session.headers.update({
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36"
})
with open(URL_FILE_PATH, "r") as f:
    urls = [line.strip() for line in f.readlines()]
os.makedirs(SAVE_DIR, exist_ok=True)
for url in urls:
    file_name = os.path.basename(url)
    save_path = os.path.join(SAVE_DIR, file_name)
    if os.path.exists(save_path):        continue
    for attempt in range(5):
        try:
            with session.get(url, allow_redirects=True, timeout=60) as first_response:
                first_response.raise_for_status()
                real_download_url = first_response.url 
            with session.get(real_download_url, stream=True, timeout=60) as response:
                response.raise_for_status() 
                content_type = response.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
                if "text/html" in content_type.lower():
                    raise ValueError(" Server returned HTML instead of data file. Authentication failed!")
                total_size = int(response.headers.get("Content-Length", 0))
                with open(save_path, "wb") as file:
                    downloaded_size = 0
                    for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=CHUNK_SIZE):
                        if chunk:
                            file.write(chunk)
                            downloaded_size += len(chunk)
                if total_size > 0 and downloaded_size < total_size:
                    os.remove(save_path)
                    sleep(5)
                    continue
                break
        except (requests.exceptions.RequestException, ValueError) as e:
            sleep(10)
    else:
        print(f" Failed to download {file_name} after multiple attempts.")