opatch是用来升级的，但有时也需要升级它自己。例如在19.3.0升级到19.9.0过程中，报错：

$ opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Oracle Home       : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventory
   from           : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-02-20_17-51-43PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckMinimumOPatchVersion" failed.
The details are:


The OPatch being used has version 12.2.0.1.17 while the following patch(es) require higher versions:
Patch 31771877 requires OPatch version 12.2.0.1.19.
Please download latest OPatch from My Oracle Support.

UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckMinimumOPatchVersion" failed.
Log file location: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2021-02-20_17-51-43PM_1.log

OPatch failed with error code 73

最新opatch可以从此页面下载。详见Master Note For OPatch (Doc ID 293369.1)。

opatch的Patch ID为6880880。大小在100M左右。

升级前：

$ export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17

OPatch succeeded.

升级（其实就是解压到$ORACLE_HOME目录）：

# 备份很重要
mv $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch_old
unzip /vagrant/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME

升级后：

$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.24

OPatch succeeded.

小插曲

升级时遇到错误。参考这里解决。

$ opatch version
/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch: line 839: [: too many arguments
/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch: line 839: [: too many arguments
Java (1.7) could not be located. OPatch cannot proceed!
OPatch returns with error code = 1

SQL> select dbms_sqlpatch.verify_queryable_inventory from dual;

VERIFY_QUERYABLE_INVENTORY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORA-20001: Latest xml inventory is not loaded into table

SQL> select * from OPATCH_XML_INV ;
ERROR:
ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEFETCH callout
ORA-29400: data cartridge error
KUP-04095: preprocessor command
/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/QOpatch/qopiprep.bat encountered error
"/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch: line 839: [: too many
arguments
/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch: line 839: [: too many arguments
"



no rows selected

原因时把Linux平台需要的OPatch下成Windows平台了，重新下载后，再打一次就好了。